ࡱ> @=)GYȰw`R $:V'FOx]sSvΝi鴝~23fkv6< >I!N#Kn䏽!sMŖ LmJǖ K2$K:~٤ytHB<9k:u> xs_)>_|~G;;+ _3m9=xA|?csOXcx <_^;go:/~?-jcgxNOS^p~7lw:l䟉uب)5f̘l.+ƕxFi3M$2#̵+cGꏷǎ4u#o +.Ӈ wVBHåўx+<;Lǒp/rC9,9:5 ޕcy-cƌmg_[B)(]d`Ŏu( t4Bw8{3D -@ ĭ߉\0 ,>M,|B'vlfaxv1^(?)G,؞s4-cƌIjΚH sHumlf=!*șop} 9ðZHZXy8n{&|9 NDzcGnNGa@ʕ8ϙ4-cƌiJw^2vlϫA?B A"` PA  ?@_CX+` ǧG3 xT1!)V#1F];=V۶[. g n3f Myj4txE$h1:Ea߅x+ elf[/W :) 4tNtGHPϙvDϬ܅! MٙQ}l|qƾ9o30mџ>pH5tsAq)TBD[t' wJ#R +I?;Awx9'IzT zzX&)#0|#𻟼8xQ.Y(fK\/)enMFc!TP9~sHEDXYn,PdH'K^ v}5s%2f7 뼉 \G#Bl,HK^ztfy<> !Սb80>%xc%:PQШBOAs JߡDRG`{/Ďݘ:?odM$Ix+ٹKxt81RsT]}"CDW3Geƌ4 2Qѩh[Fty$@!8Tz(6` @g8 , zw}ńZVs`dle@$BObǺGwiln,MjF"xºԐ敱S3 k%dJex i0'yHa{lO6h"HZ^xaؗlc\1c/!'BPpF7y )j=|oN=^#NE5x=ٱBח[23r(*01F O8@zR3Z_ ܨFB](K0|)$/J|pt*24is*M g{Hrkʟ1 8:tZfpɦ-cƾ#{[^^MV(ϵc0PjpvR[+kxS֙Xzd=/x!J*|2ؿ[B;}:P@ 5JJ}';>}:rG@–B1Xq dfhbPa^ؔO/jH 3 (4JP| k+eZν?QP]x "'/VwSw 81u޽}LQ#:9YwD6%_JAIJjFO]NFkqy^uV"{=FՕ;t~/Z;?}%!6e؋fK5˰[ \'%R<ۻTVh 7tF!΁sa)VM%\"|}7JO뷦;FQSȳb^]h>- hkzO{4tG,0$QE Z_ XZڹ KmVKkK R\X3GH LWEe H]\[_,~ r|RHk -MLV9 .7'•toFf"8P1c/ gZp5/ݡDt dkCU5grC6YgTݓ_\T )$*mIVf㖶Z`:Z1V@1 \͞رѩ@Kr!H^f%ő0`CH˅`Ccm];i{^% vGBA>3P`O$Xr-,/W7poRERK]캼_&xS)t OJDS? Ga~ל?/;Ҳj8Bq[*9WFO\)>ʥnNv¹[|[!^quP -c^4Sx*%a ͩTn4Se ࣃ^ӧÞh|ilSU=ǘU!Ӫąxԇ3k 9LMt8KFȥtBJJX6248Z«-(WJHf`jFvf/JP(Kicшpy^`.lj?2gjOygxPn JЕ?[Ưmڷ3:I-^ LƑDŽ)Zaqfa+VX-1g:Dp^a-c^$1)pׁ{O QbwHHyt*ڈmY/ ftyDrIY/B&vo$f6Q.k䒑5ciey-lV6pnNhLd 76ݬVJPvHZ Y#ߘ:kri"~V:[4LK=:1YY 5& l{]m1cˤcq*QH7R=:vq6!٘1;󼬱{=݉,YZk:m1ǻ,*H 6Oi4G7f١*3/h9zBqs;} oαmên+suLN4s:hh(yvJ EUܳ7؊~!-?hpጺ:*oh{ƴYlH0Y!oG,|J3T0'ؓK(2ζ+cV i; 3Cd߿ȡ<1)^IDlPbT6ar02} N PyɜBt 돵ޚLdFf@EZ556XV="1jV+)Kԫ$~zKo1]ZU%!S1c<ӝ,$ 9~A J)[΁ODWvVu8M8Vn##.*ƹ ~V^[ϖ_b +,^˾ xt;ߘ% $֖/m꽒yxU|HNVz=oEݜNuw ikG1QM{*lW~Ѿ2fyҎWZ{FZ4՟^FʓJ{(k_;F78V359lqr_皗oIlRNANqߏI l HHCHB];ךk͚Uݽju۞nUV59,y!ގZ0"sU-.W^3SAp *Wb%(ؤ16xcKU^ֶL Ga&*h0J_w =:ŁzT>Dp.ҁ" r<+-&3yByX%t[wT:;==1 Pf#?_;#XTӅ+U8ˍgE.u\M_*7+ķO q\/NN͜,Q[aMazl΋p-M@%E'^8!ycLwf9[y^qe3 Nm \6r9ksbXcQ~ +]j_p'-xq`ى),Pzݫꊊ> "olQ)`#вJ  aCtJ;&T/&V|fsٛ]/r99MZxȳ0y} 80ov+/V Ir|j¦g۟w,Y 'I" HHzqZЅn_.` *T灻o@yo߮rfI4cJpv6)(gΟ:>?ڗ:sRPYZ"MJ21ʼnW6upgy ǟLg\40F-Mw"H ) ,u dj|\?ػ}m$we0]aiiJ hľU~صS\[^ ,SGNΆO-3-_.菸m=RIrV2aܽ~m;S :_}SBKs nh3p&gKѾl7;mM=S.jkcNwT(z¶0EO:JA.w7sJCaH|{;||)%`UHe_t"SRqJVeŃ\؟q8߮.X$W;NJ\<{ߪ wr=6G6Xl45oħºڗMVlFo<>!K}-ph/VXî>f}TƭgeW3mB;8])\Y''WOp#V۰Yj|zا$Ք#ϿoᾳQ_dZ\KiqK#A'ٝҌ!T|zqҋO'M[ĝA%t:xoShbxM蛴+W>yt)ݹv+:-Pid,L*A!#y r˗1O?-t 튝X!fF~ #mճ+ !3+#ycO  k8[$PTkrB1&VB]CԭKjڵM*qkTk&ض6 R-M8!ZU3h$U$jtR[|hs `O4,ex`p~"'1OGDAos hh!nϭZR[V ;8Dl)5b/8\- B>.)t%=p}Bx.{jF{67&UKY-Y>s#(iA{AFOp;*ۅgH>G"Ď|sjoGh@^+z4'5N1iLMâmrC:BqPǧO"eUCˮ&8ϯ ɧ-q dKoRU{1_} N;Rї`xi) B?96n~ksǤ EOz“l8q7%+xJ,F $_]캈TDOKw?/h.'1$s-5)3H>B@64J/yk[aWUE} a;= O /t0DVlXC%ui82ɭbd"ځ/態~Y5V:Ёb|%fL4}𫁡*eLofS`4?)Ghk[r™mw -r'R_fB 2A?xm nעPx^6\w%[ >ܤ,0*hzaNDZgold! ĵKDI XlDBqe%udlR k[+S_uo{e7eÛ<.̠^8*[ހM'\(&ʰxd8g-<,-YSXu>5n$ ?ضӑ Ms$RJ`ԾSZrV[jJkn];7Y]N.ҷx)8\/aqZVv8_{?,gD>S셕qH+©N2>-*lk໚8EZCZe>A*X{[LL=<('Z R)~ +xwI7ן&0 ]=»ʁ۞bH'G3kQbgF+ȝf.-FD$~&^~d ?]coജ^@p gT_#] On(0JC4ߛbx3=ٿa 쑋 pސ N3@9.tzr"&,$Lo(CUbX2K('j9-+RG>bP%awpQΕY{n xs`.'*]EZIq`𹻙2g_o@sRCXbvpFB ӷEJMU۟ڝx~lN_ 9"5?^4yB@S/ZfLZYPS9KWܪC j m8VW).DVrc1&pS~wTPhf_? Tǜ ÅNe&#<#7gITnMOdZ U~4;/7"a痶PbQ+/<.ne^5J;OWj|Mu5>,;GBtV\K#vD)=#䅃lfH*ÐTWORҲ7;E/CCĴȀ2 m.j)K#U)&Gw);ә &ouynd' gd;`h xPhr܂mnM9T)$_&2AYB#1%`G  B0\תj8;A+B#r} 7 Cf|ayz\tD 7Y]o3n0AI Y$ zLqvr ',{)].O0nN g:ޒ`_:h,IޏwogC>8ڲkEk[|6o˯ȯkQ6o A@-Rd{Vd$z <_2ZX-'ZgܳWNmםeh(<,jA-Ath:mi`أxT~rI-}׵sϛ:UNn*G;j"@ sRKU8]+bp(d[  0Zu]֪wb{ 5. J@I4'^ =Q0abMjܰ+G׵/ж`{Ǐ<2omyi{~=k7ڛfJsM~>݇~Pd5zO=ypUдXQ#ಎI,cǽaZWEMK5/|O1  5SlTIʄ |0 ^H#UO̸ܪ_DVhfg1>#j7}' ѾS:˘ CSHg y+cc:1BY&WzBr|ci[Sd,coQ"9M7Ys cJ(0'!1Tf]wkBZ+MwmA enIƧl%u;JqNv"힆\nREl)l>ɣm >:Ffh"8ى2:_C( )$y$Nv^~6$IS\]0Q=ig |4 ԵB`8?3:nS$&PIֽ}v1Дƀ_~1U@tNbsnSy@=O:%nο`E20#6Rj1>z#A b7:G{'_Vz =C{i7nҦ* oVN3  o3- O{{Xy'6)l .drK[Z];lm=B-d})AKw ?'[xs) 빥+3y8IocO[,'&Lk+/_&ef%v(4逿3s#ٖJ $Or2GSx<9nɻb8=,DRH;B0H?!=SJ2gG Tږ-0?-yz/%#= /ܾ{mW =]}9рO`m[ MCq5P P!bʹ/od]ӕ\f#7:--ӵ t]{, fFԾ- 1d)5 7n3!̒baNp4hcU)5 =K?uAw0\(^&|auKGXr.*N56GjTQnQ|] UEYY*L! -uHr}@r2G{v7ZH*duܝ@ '眻|Dt+F!3$Xy <_fӲA--HI-Y^zCi 6k~tS>f[ў*zE+ 6lQAL]sV>V!ĥ/wqiK$VżUYnQ,Z+?Vhʢr[%oZ`\G3VKX)w6B3`q?$+v E k\rȟ-TP&m2I&ly*RlZt7^*Œ.7\ImJ/>$O?К#]4ZDL1UsBh˺!Uԟt櫢|bFh7qaǍo_F]_8.# +g*zI1W.>rŸb.7+6@X:"IB%*|ʇJ{\jWr&sK\hTP6R(XEY*.#J-M X^{ ^=2dD 4۶OS_4=k)q$놱nj.6ĝk< _^!EMV?1ҵ>*dʟxo4nЫ%yhdCx*pd(f+f$^b+6aB>8| \B˫ j`aJ៰"+S1rY‰jO5Ÿ[,ĔZ-Ʈݠ ƕ#/DiQ֑]I&MͲɳ ׀gJ{OP=ɳQc1O%l;+;s TBB3RvX@dSdlSdF6! X4aڏ PhU?dm-ir'J[6ڗ-w_&FnB}+pt]6s_@bTMEd8녎bŝ>ӫ, z=94e1K^u {J8)[r# 0-|dijuHyWp+ˢC袙!ȴ9ɿ8^䎭%)^vߏ`?ǰsnNvKByLa]׶p}2.\yE'oJ`+>Vb._έ q #S*nsX_'FBqP°pnr>܌8O˨uabﺘ{VAq:cTMIi<6. dļQKI?[99y0.ljzÛ ubdbIQQ/MCLKǁY t4=z;YqޚH&Fڷ=q̊-#Znܱk슏lnG^ƽ;`4Gjj! b?끈e_VČBu O,Reٴ=ǣE3BjCU/F\h XC }[ aFB(ZdB\Ok$uo) -ŻSr*`o+B#řfm_([i3!y# ɒq{]h \=ֶ`mۂ {b]۾>,-G_m~bDqkmL3,5"@\op lD٬qTMԞFVT8rQ~&+рj Š&C{L)U jVޒPï+m[,'d3zoS>DR7[&W0 f z63eA+Uf HCO^a/%`'pIo.Nm/pװDXK%Enp]c\'L _zAY QVaYIo;){[d9oZlr≭ځ/Җd={R/L 9Do=Phme˹i[W=zX$c0cZ[~*QV. r >TJ[l^"'W!)'\H۸@_~nRS>P0@ `#%Ƿ>pVWI_>aH/YK+^Nu&b< m8vZI7KA$**ύwu-pd.X y\-L>mB&P//躷ZC|d$ώtH>'~u!Ͻtg7zFxrwbA8{@ u\q>y?%UGdIʉK'Zj# @!ttasdH)ַ31u JoUdwiC ܢi!ܐY#/6el`a<χ-YAl[<k{NްʜCH~X;fIJ;tlR./\ـߵˠNu()bm^) ^-&ͩr?#G;wV% lwdiYE#ۑfM%ҵV)V)mdP"RrرT}f2},4vV&fedH@׵#"C|}L'l#K_ZB5 wtKTn_4Uw_pͳ8}:Kw(4P٢̳FtVD=!fljό􃠇raTaOH8$-;U"cεa_"PMUNcSs_)7J_afX@R~N| \4T%V YQ52 $W$vNo ]znZU}h)A;dXD]o8N)MB7;#en:ý~2kF9?M.>:'m?#\e( sdoѺ6b[[PR7~NUsq T}E{BTq?!gvȵrpH&Yp+VP?- ^nyl?-Y[80WOmҞ|:?JH JN>IB6ʉJ|Œ׉qSW?ZۮA,nW—+Iêh9%\ףp=Ƽc`e9q;4|z|B)qǫk6 Ale.\aDEZ$$0-}{瘔Xl6ǫw ;_j,~Dۀ5ɚX- C!ozUCnbIȰR_R#:_8'Y !lkS ,d*-5o-ة 1nDbo>:^aW͌Nw~Λu9䞿Z ̐&5cOwLL̄hXjqptG0wrSq8#̗[RȠ/\Mm+q6 a~_˫RcFC=&{Kx[6R#GoYU/ +h7|$p 2rh p;|hE^ RPM!J&x;@k wD,dbS G~M|Śۿ'LY qr`HLs W [E:Y3.fs6-& -50Ub-oJ7 SWeܢY4[wn.ad{*4りh7Ok#<|u͆3Κ`HNha{K{8=WyC Ʌ')!/aѹ - 3?WN$xHEG6!Sxs(!_sÈaA 'Pm) af$my\۾ܕUԜ_`;YoզQWW%>2AV$'< h]V0FAG*'܀--Y/VV)ͼE@=>*('0*ܨܷu BCT JEfMAr/AX[AK[buhȧ/2ôhA imiLJ$ږP[=g?$:aS_mZߑ?Hh(ڗ(/߹:]]3eju%.C}4Pur1~M2%GLv{$f0T@ߗ+g^ h$ϾPyL!JK%ĩIJאWzsaiapkWӭQ NQy]v\)J/&wXնJj؇14Ty̌پ Ûq{<)f$3{ȭ ^vPRG iJN …?|F-L2 :|lS@ļf K>(Ѹr^6[0tGd CΤ`I|/IH"T:eLK2z qQ+t-!%S +Q\ygS*lB Z$a) `0ȭA %¹*G*&Mur!\c-qa6׫u5T̄7 TNT.=R]<Ů] d[W8rD]K`ܐ!BeDL=]dCQ_ťXIJJ88ZE߬G#Oyk%}}x捫Y=YW{gyWX @A$=Kx omHG~\ܷr5=F1%۞F=q*u~ȷ1+aT 9ڽt]oauc WtNs{`J%fxݥY5dyc,æ*EnIlf1\A4qn8ޠacK_`{Ǐrζjeos,nfĿ p,m}^$VC8e..cÕC#KFC"=;6NJԐWNi-"lV08GUo 6^y1C纆!Ր^$W*p>&U$}8zMG9UHv *jkD,f$u@ l%P%&bꙑԚ)dZ7M]|p-bJ}W V?pWaɩ1f.gL<•$HlHFVдKH79WW8P#]z@ CĂwtP?:[k;=:! TIGن!-La_8ƀ)v~`]qN9(ۖ> jVi[<.f1d2tG(N d%X:[tFd[ڃZm/8x?{]ܗ)a%w&N|BI@ܔ[hG֭[,cN2R!ǣ?bC8'@/VMmCWbz/DֵSgSs`ܤB=aA׆Elsb4W/hSGn!Vm-AXn6[jV෸7nffɭ2$7HI+D(`ZwWQf];Yx?oD'JțvD'2Xq#tEnL*gЪ;+JK:R d80VRc[A -la)uήm+nݳ;GT4hEyCk @˖L$^dS }wUd4]i`w}hيdIjT1K4lBg p&}>Td9y7RK%2[$ZőSGT[#jtu4/B$ rߒ%f!}< eEqP̤[,jhFh#[8'P/?u%UNl.\y_ɭ.䖀]hDֶٌp <;]BQR*[(ZZ?hX]'ҐBM}ʹmVW^XPs}(S3%,YFr}Oo2br0TdV^TE@(8bHS r\Cb%E޼JVwɰY,Ytu ¦4/#<";{B;]2ʭyh8?u4>u1v^V,G6Z1W 6$Qkr ?-mp[l\_ϬaxᓻRQ ȺWC MCM4Ȃ?u3>mKzMX 롘Q5ViG0ʛt X2q=ȡj/ ]BÎ+h[piG)*؁%(#zVYMeV1ķ5Zήl7%ZgM]K`@I5&vD :++\w3ivvzҴ6P{fxQ Urbv^B tO92ĵp:wn˛ip+XmFd"I)Ywgvs,Rz:>DM'U¹m<5 ?gmP> Yz.$gCqKM岄Ī ;g.r8(83B64Kp/)PsŗN'F 睛z@-8JW&"n1#̻/|r[K^B}:555ӧ*żXMɘy *O(޾m:Lw"ˋ0z0&Y0֒q&d.Vz#G G.Bf?!eBG7բ s#ܒP(*9 KaZ%d z OEjo8dELk>F^%\M7y22,fT6Od$k6z!-P`WSovJDBc0Dr\1y0V*ʏA57V8-g@]9X۶p9NNpeFy!u>%9y ER~@o8aHj1 s[cLn`ZEu`GːpksoubPԬ;s;.w7[Tp@g&P%'`OMLtV*~!5/c|663:߈G"7̈́a%5;֒ O.~Z"Lx@\${!Rn;u$;U!(0I : ok`e@OPDT01 ms0RdG%,!=]&rQ\=E FAt&?C]|H'處  O)p_y1Tg2hږ>y؟$Nrm Қ$D%jb{C5K@5ibuw6,J1;1rU !0\J@˱M;׆#=~(Y9"1qx39Q"A`oʕ\:hNReŨTB%Ƒ[oHzb;+N(LF_jvx%klo-@$_[U"n&cȤFP#N&~Y0Jͤpa/_w&ɱ?s@wy 3S#c X]߉bE/~{ծBGF`{K~Xqn1U,8І~2e?ӕh} Ӻ)=rJ5f):s E1u'";P9{"zheZ>o - a~k7 CsH+uf31喀E>\@0FOJ$v̼9 *ңMu VrNaMFavsAE;E.g8|ҙ)w(gQբw75R!ߚ:%v7\%"WqSxI-,6!5 QUn:Czj!NPh6.ZX3So);3JneXC*NQD 8jSX^5j񕺁À~3z=͛04H3)[GHXyEj¿rw'ۗg[XZhV_Dnri yy+ϊ rzpⳉ 0^ y@雇zG TN.Ǡѵm خB?zlғasoyWkC VHvK]Ъ lo g鞍VkZypy({-5& YkG"F".vg2.LwA}bfJ: ,8sP7ۗZR^Xěʴ_>ĕMs neT}{;,uS7AE %]zO'6F9!܂39-mlkl|Oir\Cp<[' 7'w{KϛNJX~SOHL% L&i@i|5&;DqIfoj?thiM=Pd(+У674p"c'$PNCl j9|[+ 20䐆GD.cί^%#wl[[#%Y-,k7Z莘=?qL1խ#O箤@M}}G Gط{Vn.IIu/N}B.f̸y?4{N HpM2 MS?b,$Yf ȋ^Ba-ʣ̇Tl`YY6C†wZ0'q'^o5Px+XNBSW>|.ܬX)MzKjxN" >~#vlf2%uHq;eOF]N Zw,Y$Ś߹6@Ժ6771,ube3X'zlE;bʉ2PV41W34y7`m௫̚'>mES#s*ͺ\[0)Y|SC׆Wɢ^,)T)`^!L)Pf&8E>[>F^3Wpt~qNU|GRҢjÙVkj̉FVG%B9b+i$+l8xu <b2fHxDu$6P{{Zl'424"3yPd`D\tتOXhV1VR{ ɹ2wF\-\w-"P(<2w뗠 'ZMu ԳuMSnԑ҃ ,&=\f|?‰7Aq3ږ-stB@poN|Ty3R\[^yqߑ\80u" 0}i %JLo6$k-9?#|ܔ~Syps*>SQ= Ib1qOa&O$xǒf4^Gtf}Ǜu"@x>6u,84ѶE$k$s چ}ͽ+;LZpb9!Bi7e+x5yBC_|yR-#7$|j"^k-O-v?!f~tGXej0dnxnvM w7G:?z/.]4W"4rum 6-X۶8 td3y]fJLʟr4x+i`GFu /[]<|?^s9u<d/O<[|~fۂ#9pjq&|D-ٝ}/XؐKp5YW 9:s6bDotYU"""i'7@ht0;ϾP2)eAaUzF{FcR2|KO㐙ZٵOycJW,ꕭXl =2kP4+Dդ 5"A4E)R-uGq U4GH y4F>"Ť{獏|]M>P2?rMI{?y8L+ όoiY>ӧ{i_:^!xt|KQIQMo$ke}בUrQ 𱢇g_f<+ԭOdj_l;ZS;.^ s*^Qs髁8N6%|h)H ߼QDzU}Q>$_Ӆ\u:I- bÉ .;͛'4r[|3"|lX-DqN I{vob(} 9K+FOa>XRЉH%&vV512֘O|b;NOm'At:SirnX-D,?p 1`Y^eŨ槽ENO,ILaӁVPc T}r*ЧzѸv.|$ZjdZd0!Eԓ!]Zr9A b:,X9.80Zʏ"vG]zJ*΁HVd=쇡h@ש[ErqtH޷ã_Aء)K۪' ꚍ5pӓض`C/TRB@,it6ɩ[2#rK`o^@qjH_8-X23?J+ O& iVo&LPKM.>T 9*B^_74 o>4D&(;<:Vr+$Yk2س.jT_>zN Xٺ\Il?p§gϑ†;pW*҄$#HY7"`}"7chͼV`R@VZ}$x#LES#hdsONnǤyrb)fow/~x-JG[YC 8lT+Y *v _q}j3ճ'͒ O??$N"V퍗Qj*N 5E-]JP! !Kxӵ2-PrھEb@d2Zj fw) wB'Tq~e:SvG]miP3L;oQIHvJl*<լ'ejpZW5ȭ1%n3l}fYKcU$_^ ڵxL cTKк%\&{K|r<"035&~r %F~[%X%eH XK__KKjZ7~y?i5ƱeB6\?}{;.H!Wgh^[\zd6l'2Վo5E~K>HRx/~ضuc-Yq\ן _f#]Y|u pi(:,f=+W)_h]@,T^Ύ#9o hVC+ ^0މN[+8QkbDϏrWߛӚ5kۈI쯒x u*GT<5#jPjrdLFy(z)VGLEc !§m$ -04qa HRIBhblx<a e퉧ܷqǂѶk^_:-|mgߓaAK`lBf@E4s:zY <-ϰm!^')BnmqH-O,Xi-&n3Wk_3_kH9 F 2z>ԤT9k7 lfOge_GY+E׹'fd'ږ>)H,f^@"Xj:NDq;{KT&6ɀ$$ *QQ$%̢yRcofXi*NP*ުS/v}n ^$χ/Mål׍#H'*V )ӏ_v'WdK֕bm`~ z?ON@WoS:nF}$ƚkO MZ3 dFs2xak.,FqKqAsm,*:RgC(݆;_>x "~q$8XJ8wrw>@'U2ĝ"{W=T2V50]0P~JSx0V u7[(B|Ϻ.LWak[Շ7l䂳Y;xhy +r+F .ќwr gD.\Mϐ TDD=lk|U6"H$j5䃅ߪ704?KpԽ6jOe 6w홱}{.ҟҢ*܄z7F׵-D0ZpBґ_;7&Ёk:Z[8S{EмQdlsKA]|N8#02crxa Tx2Wʵk16}}MtKb؆߾ FܲOi;,%7oےr:GeVb"7UdC\5 Z|x5=,mOj.'\prL\aWlf9(f­HdHhSRLß Q(ڔ,tcsMQoSZxk+| l<[ M!'12ԊP<)&R_=Y:bSh[ MH;EwO@K(4z"Swr,ZB0MVð'NJ0x?*ONnɪ~ԒWjY|d>o̔eZj)y޲Xض:P ب3`38ڔΟ];9J(?|+lp~l.5zYlkUFY6j _{c+% kd|]J(y 2Ēw:O Y^;>De^bM Gi$cwP;֥`9ErzToBQ}25LA5VI;Һ-fr5s ACWfh.[T%`,;3I,^ۉsjP fO E-meWoڎ9)$)HًE'!Y{"rW=<#iUz+pFX qmnrY,F#׽w(Kk_8ҹ@`Hu}{[!+$u2L>^7~g^0,S8P`ʐ?G.+dbԩmϗxM1 H loXb鿤>򚍶kaX&B'ٷ:(1Amt`3dƌ9 cC&eKZߢB5 '72OnB{k[Q5 {Y{B| :L[͏0 $k𯺁؅.WENn=Ԫ>-EE-6 w40`6?ΐq\|X$V7V%ƑȄ- %e_C }TYS朇7 Qf6-9x[!-L1V[[Q""@  54J;mV'JZ"B[1C▆cPkq?r $=[i}ue  펣KO1ON;k!>eAzuc rw'OqF W=(DJ.*g\pdN^Ӳ@!Hj52@9k?_oQ [ywַ& K A|'%7g *5ʥ<@16Uy'ނ ߨ.|=iJ51UHrn$!ߗـ]ĒQR4L`FݹUv'疐^ ?'<됫QN箼?zӒحW~zrFG6>hnٖmKWL\k8~BVN\ 1BQ$`fsdŒd787%f5HIS qB|8)duo(' f6l]c-ZkE*u 7|VGe;E\9aM2!09HZmy{"|BYybGb!e< L b#X;,ى)'s@&rgkpc=k[UM3ͪ9A c]qm \{Nd~DrqhkPjrd'e A4u^?r\kq3 FG^*t҉\_)Ynt=g~f,~qTȂ^Jbz{er8g'2tX[o 7Lr>AiO8Z`7d=T͢_}\t:sWCׄܒͺ6h%~| إ@%(O?9 EZ3T?ydHXቡ[>GC' ћX\6ߟN*&)U3ɿQ) } tw6 r7eb5گ4s+ʋ1WA iH Z0v%K._T$hHɱbV" DyT`vnzjltȉ;_]A#S 2Io_.Y|}R)ii]JJB۟sm8', DǴI8gQ"Cg*ѥQEftܟYiM{S鿓[KϷNTqت iz%7;H-xN#ɺ%ngC&3raEY+D?qHh} Dt! ' tiĥKy*$V~!4lVaH(m"hW+aRkr\*$db_znIXŘQɋZ개{i$XDQ*%YĪ?9a2R%hu=֝k8֊fq*>CTe Q2Le&_X&hQo e7jasuwO v50"jǾ>޻}+(Xu4CYAhii{5 =1Dɣ*Q$>% բCt"0+KOn{RͰ$|ȹfi(P9IɯMf3pwo$> h೙LƫQ/CQ,_zuA.9 ԓ5 )cCKV!d%۶_].L8ɛkw =—=d]Ë `EX;7no/KR?>te,sb>bOݩ62fhGӾ VN.Ǥ4 '| ""@{v@b-JC`0O<\.&ŧ_qwr 2 |.&[Fm E*g6Jܔ_-G&3ּ<07nNa Fػaw%C|{nl1ɲYI}6.er^Fٌhn" ʣSہewpr\#uSg]'.VSsv =_m_?PTOKY-DJ(k,`6ckd)e4'['E4!$.F[eMqtDiRמP2^xlt5*P#G(}5Ͻq8WyS2x0#x+b 7HbZ&2Rmo:x6|:w: {Q)O{NǦżHnxR* @& kSK:%kTㅈ%6oէ"U ?7q^z +0!wjN($M+?__IxϮtozv=b&-OV<+i=;׆#-<2wb2MB#RT ]ַ -/8?X6rGC|FmD7iE]'~)/.*/t6-y"DT6ؓG_׶Pm ^=8Z]p_w_߱d8߿_e_o{_^gn7JS^ 'anUΊ4E.[ݬ !`9k'9ঢ়ؼzړ{6P<ֺpٻ<54OK C ܹvm'(F2oxwTu.3g&h(UJw^tP#lnA.Kٖ[0}ٱqLb>GuZJ6JCm{*1|TR>fIU>݂A[6nfwc SIؒ[{ 6 '^%@!5-uso9yyn`>?7U};J,_|^&XWP-LBӇZOJٞ/-Cw;n2_TZg'* Eu'?_ȂփN0iTO>>c/ѽߙ/9;߄|H{7~7+QYRc跓׬GKb`򉲿&:>q.Be,_H>QhL-7K ȗ w'=ޱqb\%zY|S\^W mҵEophjpR2}wo&_~b Jշef&VqKCy'dCso6>T &hHg'7G`_Oa|Թ3ou_C&gͿ_y/'nc Q㫿jDam_TJfPt~wY/%n/_/yF.\/KO #ZW{,}:`w w X^ k>|q̺toUO@H=ԕ']-ZcT^fi'-^3Jkim[,kd#?aS.2v~O #cIԒP/ޟ 6`Yi=aެƽ*Q::g(訵YV&i=/X7Ð~gُ#]C]f4 j΅z2桥MYAMdY*O'U* YxUnNFAYCf"{(|Ȑ1e9wDCN&CS#:• icc|x2j뵮H:,+}W^D&ce.w} ^T^yyZWOSX՛h2<&Jfeyh01c^Ϩ@<ɭ6u'0:M'3zq~ V<r>+z7̪*DE2k'CYj K~W?Yx_sغo-[a=}fy8`a ҷ|G5.O߫ ~Qؠ&R5*WCs {^"Ҝ2NM`0xj*M\O}P,|^sWVM$X:1}Rm2WcCVx cE9\d:Xy>TP}O}yx GxS+ptcMxa48-tLXW0'|$Ðڮ><g h] zD0􍜀"Q1qi0j9NNuLƊ[t"DžeaӀq#IKHwPt]gjTP[;E( DFSQ9ʄv*2 pD1%&uGvpX=o989`SAT(<ɍ (.뙽cjA3tppDи>;Y5:-qhl}I"R49T U6*қ/W5&b\cHxt8 g/"l2/jÚÓ)⯅öӯ*C|zGT0_ĜNa77'2qHGZ;)cd3_%x婙!d6o98<prY`zOkI"K[ŭ}ux#lmjz$CSɧ:No\*es -oY)Rz Ct>PG[[3 [́S1Efl6[X&Xp^GMEk<s>N1 ]8{lKwŖx,bQ@X͋a#ɱϻZ.w /]iPC0s,@Fu`)מp`qr,6}a_701ϊ5ό s^VB>F-l ^mbAS񃱉kڵ02N ¦( ic{x?a-'!?`kj`biŁ\˱.%QQEBEdXr-gў^wpéxvwo䳃cGswc0{o{lVhE_\Rւz Q.} {C>'qa]m1r;䒒퓩C^=ﵬJjY PN^,M9Xڵ3 aViÄPͫ0n~vňl$ԤHNv\J 1D`*dbKcF5M窥'c^"?/`f5~TyBϿU-J A {789Td_ǦsWp\pLl. TCIҎT(9Ño]rT:k(.c hO$7acy-{ؑ&gщ;crwŒ qLJbc#\Rm6yV-J a!!)C̜#9;9&~hnͯOaRy> @w~Ѻ4LH݃xl86%Cv_[K7V" ~a'pҩ@@_!%nyzsHle?޽rfǦ8ǁSс|ay- FkʕĵKt  sGF IM`WcAK#3v@7:բ.E3-\hgD9%C ֐.< Oc,UdOv b 6Eߒ eu1?+NHv/Wwvץ[dvl`dܤ>I RNT㻶cf@Ь(4IC'ϱ  IB4$HaaVu8>YmUC“+xˆ\628M3ק@gfigj`)iYY6+ W܉}St_&g|N Shg<κGs &G'F'O3}yecBg:'e/Y]X.vv$'e`- 8W,KKב.xgn0oyg6֏WCPNV6Cӫ_ͨLHH$n f,pQM:Fڠ5ƺaR kԑ u&r{fb{7;rA>V|n45_)-N;wHV Ϊ#4"< 3+xH RsUSg 4Q~F9_\,kX 9nm5]Ֆ@ IvV_oRjD(&z盲Ip $UڅʹqT :\tH4B6I1UeEEOZLPu 8Pm}ML/J%/_o:}<'j frSoEQf ;cG/b%n?0ݽc8psoVlA.x`7˱/pΡ]pY3DP0peDߠx[ j゛:F?ޅCۡRf|Oo2i_G?&mIIKA~Bv$d~J2G'G٠G[vԷîRz"k4 CpU\ ӗ!VMELc0=1B<:HFId25`q]d'x2Y͙(l!©ZomF;Ϣ7 Q2:%|wh`pU s$Zޚ⧷:bȝq,OU;?Oj>IjQݑ( 2N\brP׶x`t;t+vyخpH**3>|;0~^8k7pUqÊ5Mʉ_KԉsL(QQ),3Ӝ=3b[{^6.2Qbq'e2SK:vv͵p;+{?xs?Gn'8nfzH{6D6'Njxv<~cyT/O34O |Ә|vm^:Ug.qF)/~.&IY1Lm`z0xRD[vp8X-.&3]-aӓC+l'Dwk)?\kǟ34CQUAY~h4[1ADHjay*ABU_Nw0Jձ[?/Xxf5NA?Qr*V%2=댑,QTR}{4̴HT s3A@ >r>*^،Iz_[B5 Dge 5-=5ɣ2VI/8,sF%;,IN&[[|˿犥YN~Y/%6IK5h;o%F?kgCsx0+AoԶ- >e (¨Y39F뎘YHl8LHnsw?BB(@zlQCh t J]~MR\â_ڂ UKFFm8}NLHקK&9M6 AR>I%єD!guI ![ m/elM1S\e ؿֺV/ݦ/5Hxf ]j\5F!XK7vͅ|2>h<́[^9WLZ VEm4EB/30;4vc{>8C9<`lU_4$*"2. S;Օ G{c\X/.Z fc@ c꯿3:@tmX :5 0)-t*|3[va>}_e:SE GTZ+, /Nի#㹫uvɴ3>VѩwOgn'_3khYo;/=nKӢX ؊B8B6A+VEO+enJ WPG6l]fuzz_<_*˦kgDߵ }#'rz~NJ&&?|J]~jh2C5 >*C*dС  ]9+23Y5%6*:/Ú;¥Rc#u'=U$%2VD9 LErV[an 7!-3_aUS r#= qF/Jy^>ugwjC+Q2' UwVU\隇@v,΋{., 5~v@{Jtc!WE ȼ5fFꥯ@o4bV7 ?Ҕt339_n AٲHCd4&zM^Sm1R竘8E`,Vn~}r_fz+Q'ծYwLh N{9<XS{D:?EXɨ >aE J)VT.PlbH&w;_1tgFEc jڈ:)kfq03}hv/bJ`[Bq.Mdʁ!uF!)"4 M%'CI;rWurvUHfWג¾tem("9vtU/ۅ D25T(Qڔ|vTڡ3eBVٗ<a˰搉YhRxʼnJ\JYULL^>{mN"hlb`bgfX, Vt-S~T|0Η2{xX!\t9,obzpR MӤv?eHS] 0>QMEk>[짤m9>\)aK+Q/ؠudaT9 >9*µy~0FH::/#J(EA/J ֐L/J;PO PHlxfT7Z:FS+8:oΔܶM|zǏ t~l,k_A_6*Y$ehX\JKz&rGuga A S:'*p@?-O=cj`̈́}#ќ&Cd5`YL)2]Sy=R/boB^m^UAR۫ $/l 󥙀Մd?fxciެV86hU2p~~ȩn!,E~k'DLj!P@Ǘ^o6aA1pD_*JZIo+Ÿ KQrkj)@G~!2'I"ءEc XQMر%ݑ7IbX}V띐߬KR+(ZUyQji{iSmh )hv[m f/ND&* M\DZly kRe?辆X0]_(O|M; a q>L>DԘ+{Y^02J(^}[7=GBbJ&TVeTK>>ۭk& řY?Q5t AQl!mt56JT}k!&SoJhk *OaFJt;]KHCd/l:ٝmc]P-8 U{aO-hs|G$W 1nf1J4u<@;pj@U QIPs%pϝ6NߑmTP+asI,e@EdBM$gR%,Jvz#rQywgw}sC)yz'o@|PX"/K 8o~nWnwWo ˤJ"׽^n˱G/Z#G{}I JHX~@qC]NF@YUr\~Ю")S<{o~}[{"y]Ўӯ Dm23xy.d<|f ~-QJvrf:L\4,g^iEw H6ڸjGɨۏ24IHWlҹ;t)]ꝷ 峃O8f'CR"&Z?Mu$V,Z_\`Dl~5$['#b>5L(mc EԂ' K֌҄\ػŹT~EθGl&ga8?mHRq2'ʱWo |X9V>j1d-/IZxʑ՜2'UɄ_={6*fKBVso(,@j[hh%k!;&3fubsD=#d W~"0D/lJvFC/r`L!Y*ӿ0fu:88 a,i#yH4}G*yW&Cu:R;ۅ,{qִ*ÈtQb!ZXJxg;d GM`DTGݠJÌVY#﯀jօ{[ip8zdd5Gs}5Qz$+ɅOJGts?oڪ k'S9xet 9s1[>=:A׻ߴX-AEӃ 2R-C}$"1##daPc[4bKei -!7dY1K4eƐQ쥧1N-K+ :1_~__U:\.xҪ]unWVcXBzO{7`x胼ٱ앃UgR-ĀHN[+Zz^U$N>k Lͷ]Xݞ u 4h>i2h:ԵOFs;Vc{8 7~5 7@1;mN_l=Vb#ҟEF˥ɩo/rf:{ӯHVZXV:"o~Yh!uš1'ڞf_oS>q(4MCwcZe?, l<@oLBLVO3_tl9ۣNUfCB,'O< , 9gd5͂o>K3D,W(ٗfw!?m1RI9@%D(×}:;R<ּپܕgF2ƚ>& !OIx4 L^yx{ni~ =؜+suo 3#5:tSNN)eafz?c4LCYX-."433wh . ]rGEMįUbnj28HAo0inϦTxg҈8*+}Eo|0;!&[VͶk[B9)p4RST&2Sؒ#9_) ZXKԄ&#굑3j>6^̊w'sop,݀&H?k,P#;z?tn jYnPwJY]nS Ϊl[U=AOH$OUlLGNM<6&Uj:LY[--!D4V8Ե?|44qڦ,U@FKIJnj̕>kܶ=s-Pl'ᢈS[:Jސ$W3bWZ=  c:J߇Ùp, (*On'~;ZJZ3-~C7`m{ǘ 1ÑAsRM8 >R2OK_bs堈sK.GN{ e:5;)aUiP3m;Z,Iu 8^G`nSL◦|MtHCa"e\7?-X1;F/?tC vh9 !CRm=۹.~sd*aU9vJ(-10V\(N~Gٽ+T tj58Bb$l ƒ@TxakJ+@k e2(7͵rv<#a "VUk?3;5 j;ܪaߖő|V( K6v݌jޑxvWW` G`3,xʏt,Bs+65bm#lډ!ќ6䔴 ڥFpWT'e"xD)(9A*jjkr,33rws/ wUQZVPNRab[m0`iY CNREP7QUtΊR6m(^񴅧y]AJ<=Y$Im 3XhZ-y%ZWg6Z4:&$A9ZɦMY=m;UA6ťt=\^=_ݹ]-]ٽC ؅*2va`F{  *.Lӆ%={0RJ=պ` ɭXZ4q"O 5kjN6¤^$q|,ccA?&?o×/v (T {Mb:D R"!cK3r,a5Id]XnGwnup^?ۣ͗ҢUYS#2~b:cfl[H]Dɫ׭ n?|+;88p8ydu8n T24RB͠oLjARYh>zRW7T ,+)|BcPֳ6xP̔GN{vdjer,!Ʊ̈2frFchbϊ+% ]$g~V6f S^pO#+<-.!3ц2T[SH{40f5s%5)ᇅ-Ub5yulńFIH_rǟS.2|[!t7x,% v.l{e 54ϘAK!žDWx;b)uɜ衮]ݗnns0Y-aǬI{wAVW J;bP/sBi3Ǐ R'K9`*tp1 NĐ=߾YHckG1N_j輲t#I__b46O}Vۛ/!%xsR'EiC0Aًr.<oѴy}a*<+)?FNDsӊJSkz=}ꢅۙOUf0\E~e0,z;^`E~9BNRa:lyKQdlr0&3&@D4n*B MqY |or-6K`#ƿGBVeQ=})nKuvy6!'ebdƍ$hʑKblGng!΅`NcyRADzPN W\&wv]}. [&6o98886-_n\KTd\OKe'^Rj;Z\aZh93P<<~ nMib/8rpppx*Xlh4kNi&W,|q7t/h''%S FWN Cfe۽N#Yv\Zv:8888:SӑW6rhĨv ᢔmoH5&l crRqyTl˫řD_G*凴~fBaM A**aT;>lGZ~5H..vč 1| ,:8888l`D ~cAw%U*i0d"; Ki( NP> `cuv\t0ǟx4;+.bud\^Ɔo9% dc̬sWM@j1LbzAy&8jfVwc,r_xppppxy"DJ~T ZfP5͉6Ĵ .~ԑ?n]zQM$XUnUCAW08 xT("WH֦$2^[#'Xu0.`i\`4o]H뾰#hQyGn+l `<%R^Gl,Q=+.19D7 x/ۄ@>+M)RK҉VQkR\E.E"^^@z,s98888D&8r\.r5~ HA䴤۝!AќlTLCkbi6,*"_ڍ>tzčw;_n&$ .AZ_mXD;q-G':7ʕT c ҕi=UmJR-c]#GU"E g U >vcTE__bag,RmwpppppXLcJkry@GPt9C!*uX.B16T{l :rppppXsTc?>rBIc#;Sja|g \,ƪyK+vnU7um&67\vppppAc~B_.w:w堕tycŷXps0zO5Bb:}񖃃Ú1xKҾMTdߑ A]GZkDZffґӯ Y(UGdʯjz˷._{PxMd+dBU23D iۿzK\|ߪFb_,8(   p"www.unison.org.uk2http://www.unison.org.uk// 00DArialBlacDz(0(z[ 0 DTimes New Roman(0(z[ 0  DWingdingsRoman(0(z[ 0 0DArial Blackman(0(z[ 0 "@ .  @n?" dd@  @@`` ,$2       !"#$%&'()+*,-./01,"$)GYȰw`R  0AA@8 ʚ;ʚ;g4+d+d@z[ 0ppp@ <4ddddl 0z g4BdBd@z[ 0p@ pp<4BdBdl 0z80___PPT10 pp?  %O  =b/G Issues facing ancillary workers in healthcare in the United Kingdom HH.G 5Mike Jackson Senior National Officer (Health), UNISON5  Background UNISON Largest Union in UK  1.4 million members working in the public sector 425,000 members in the National Health Service, representing a broad range of professionals and ancillary workers  the NHS is Europe s biggest employer with over 1.2 million health workers 40,000 in the private sector  ancillaries 80% of members women(EL@D  My background  nNational Union of Public Employees (NUPE) 1978  1993, Area Officer, representing ancillary workers and nursing assistants. UNISON 1993  2004, Regional Officer, representing all healthcare workers UNISON 2004 to date, Senior National Officer (Health), Lead Negotiator NHS Terms & Conditions, NHS Staff Council 7 Ancillary Workers in the NHS Catering  Chefs, Cooks, Kitchen Porters and Assistants, Ward hostesses, Dining Room assistants Domestic  Cleaners, Housekeeping staff, Portering  incl transport and security, Laundry - incl Linen and Sewing room staff, Other - Switchboard/Call Centre, Sterile Services, Not classified as ancillary (but similar)  Healthcare assistants (nursing), Healthcare support workers, Administrative and Clerical staff, Maintenance  buildings, car parks and grounds  U  "+.l"b     $     Battle for Equal Pay (Whitley Councils (9), including Ancillary Staff Council, determined pay since 1948 Carlisle (North Cumbria) cases 1997 Compared domestics, HCA s, entry nurses with maintenance workers  Agenda for Change Project - Agreement to harmonisation of NHS terms and conditions plus job evaluation Negotiations 2000  2004 Equal Pay Implementation NHS 2004  2006 Equal Pay Private Sector Ancillaries from 2006 fwPCPPPy@Mr 2 Agenda for Change (AfC).   jJob Evaluated Pay & Grading Scheme Introduced a Knowledge & Skills Framework Covered over 1 million NHS Staff (excl Doctors) Introduced new NHS Minimum Wage = 5.88 per hour, Since  Agenda for Change Oct 2004 Average earnings (UK)= Men 11.31 per hour, Women 9.84 per hour (ONS. Nov 2005) UK Minimum Wage = 5.05 per hourL PP#$  Current AfC Ancillary Pay NHS.   Band 1, 11,494 - 12,539 (Domestics, Catering Assistants, Porters, Laundry Assts) Band 2, 12,209 - 14,739 (Higher Level Domestics, Chargehand Porters, Patient TS Drivers, Sterile Service Assts, Security, Cooks  also Health Care Assistants (HCAs), Ward Clerks, Reception, Maintenance Assistants) Band 3 13,694 - 16,389 (Cook Supervisors, Portering Supervisors, Domestic Supervisors- also Higher Level HCA s, Maintenance Craft Workers) VZZ!8$!zb   d  f   ] HAncillary Staff Pay  Private Sector%%($ ZOctober 2005, Agreement between UNISON, Department of Health and CBI for Agenda for Change implementation covering all ancillary staff except maintenance workers Interim Minimum Pay 5.65 per hour from October 2005 moving to 5.88 per hour in April 2006 Job Evaluation and KSF from October 2006 AFC minimum pay rates from October 2006 Terms & Conditions equivalent value from October 2006 Resistance by Employers to implement PPk +J%&  Privatisation of Ancillary Work ,1983  Compulsory Competetive Tendering (CCT)  Domestics, Catering, Laundry  others later Lowest cost basis  fair wages clause abolished Most NHS Hospitals in England privatised (female dominated) ancillary work 1991 TUPE regulations 1998  Compulsory Competitive Tendering abolished but much ancillary work remains outsourced to the private sector due to PPP/PFI projects  one third of domestic workTZ-, .   y  Impact on Ancillary Workers Balance sheet cost savings but& .. high staff turnover exploitation of women and ethnic minorities low and unequal pay loss of pension (if they had) loss of sick pay/high sickness rates union de-recognition little staff development No longer part of a healthcare team  P    Impact on Service Delivery Reduced domestic (cleaning) workforce by 50% over 20 year period 1984 - 2004 Huge turnover rate (50% in London) Loss of skills and experience Rise in cross infection and MRSA Nurses forced to do cleaning New hospitals built with no kitchens! Cook chill units = poor nutrition Z   Cleaner Hospitals Campaign yUNISON launched campaign in 2004 Raised profile of importance of cleaners Focussed responsibility for cleaner hospitals on Senior managers not individual cleaners Demonstrated that contracting out reduced standards (9 out of 10 dirtiest hospitals had privatised) Linked poor standards with spread of MRSA Became 2005 General Election issue Forced Government action on standards*zZ/sy Issues facing Ancillary Workers Remain the lowest paid with poor pension provision Many women part-time  face discrimination Improved pay but overall unequal pay  compared to male average earnings Privatisation reducing but job insecurity  always first to face cuts if savings needed Marginalisation  access to training, careers, team Exploitation of women and of black & ethnic minority workers - denied rights and access to opportunity www.unison.org.uk www.unison.org.uk/healthcare/cleanerhospitals/ ~PPBPP.F   -  U 0/l ! " # n ` fff33` 3KI3ff` 33ff` /p` 3%*3|` Jy3fff3f` 3ff3̙` 33ff33` DDyq3f` ̙3n` w3ff` }ff>?" dd@,?nKd@ P nA@F`d n?" dd@   @@``PR"   @ ` `2p>>   d" (  d d 6ܢ #" ``   Z*  d 6, #" `` `  \* T X d "X d Nd#" `P H0  d 6d#" `U F0  d S "UY @  d c $"YW @   d c $ "YU @   d c $" @   d S |#" `SV F0   d S {"Y @   d c $ {"X @  d <({ #" `  ` { T Click to edit Master title style! !$ d 0 { " `p { RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S d 6{ #" `^ ` { X* H d 0޽h ? }ff80___PPT10. 07  PixelE   hE(  hj T  h " h Tt8{d #"   H0  h c $ "9)e  F0 ^b e  h# "e  h S "ie  F0  h S L"9) F0  h S "0 F0   h S  "?e  F0   h S (!") F0   h S $"?G F0   h S '"oG F0   h S 0+"9G F0  h S ."iA F0  h S 1"A? F0  h 6 4 #" `` `  X*  h 69 #" ``   Z*  h 6> #" `` `  \*  h 0B "P    T Click to edit Master title style! ! h 0D " P   W#Click to edit Master subtitle style$ $H h 0޽h ? }ff80___PPT10. 07 0 zr| (  | | 0z P    P*   | 0     R*  d | c $ ?   | 0 {  0  RClick to edit Master text styles Second level Third level Fourth level Fifth level!     S | 6l _P   P*   | 6Ќ _   R*  H | 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)% (    0$+  P     X*   0h3       Z*   6D8  _P    X*   6<  _    Z* H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)%W  f(  x  c $LhP    x  c $lNh P   .   A&H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.%@Wi+D=' = @B +}   x$(  xr x S d  `   r x S Âd `p  H x 0޽h ? }ff___PPT10i.(%Q]+D=' = @B +   ,0(  ,x , c $tقd  `   x , c $݂d ,p  H , 0޽h ? gg3___PPT10i.%+D=' = @B +   00(  0x 0 c $<d  `   x 0 c $d `p  H 0 0޽h ? gg3___PPT10i.%0J+D=' = @B +   @0(  @x @ c $Xd  `   x @ c $,d `p  H @ 0޽h ? gg3___PPT10i. %5/+D=' = @B +   80(  8x 8 c $ld  `   x 8 c $@d `p  H 8 0޽h ? gg3___PPT10i.%P+D=' = @B +   <0(  <x < c $=d  `   x < c $>d `p  H < 0޽h ? gg3___PPT10i.%0%U+D=' = @B +}   t$(  tr t S 8Md  `   r t S  Nd `p  H t 0޽h ? }ff___PPT10i.$%!ϱ+D=' = @B +   D0(  Dx D c $^d  `   x D c $^d `  H D 0޽h ? gg3___PPT10i. % \+D=' = @B +}   $(  r  S Lhd  `   r  S hd `p  H  0޽h ? }ff___PPT10i.`)q+D=' = @B +}   $(  r  S (}d  `   r  S }d `p  H  0޽h ? }ff___PPT10i.a)`?2+D=' = @B +}   $(  r  S `d  `   r  S  d `p  H  0޽h ? }ff___PPT10i.a)+D=' = @B +   40(  4x 4 c $X{d  `  { x 4 c $,{d `p { H 4 0޽h ? gg3___PPT10i.% +D=' = @B + 0  (  X  C |     S x| 0   " H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)%  0 TL(  X  C |   L  S ˧| 0   Also member of PSI and EPSU 17 unions in NHS Largest in NHS. All staff except Drs and Dentists, 2nd largest RCN  300K, BMA 250K, Amicus 75K, CSP 45K, RCM 40K BMA 250K but not part of Staff Council *a d  H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)%< 0  L(  X  C |     S d| 0   N1993 union merger joined with COHSE predomin nursing TU After 24 years  promoted  indian summer for my career. Assumed Lead Negotiator role within months  lead on behalf of UNISON but all 16 unions at NHS Staff CouncilZ$  )  |   H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)% 0 0 (  X  C |     S 8ԧ| 0   " H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)% 0 jb@(  X  C |   b  S ٧| 0   RWhitley Councils for GeneraL Nursing & Midwifery Professions  Rads, Physios OTs Technicians Admin & Clerical Ambulance Maintenance Ancillary Riddled with gender discrimination, diff t&cs reflecting values of 1940s 1997 Lab Govt + Carlisle Equal Pay on agenda Agenda for Change project agreed   #      g  o H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)%  0 P0(  X  C |     S | 0   2 See page 6  H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)%$ 0 ` (  X  C |     S | 0   " H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)%$ 0 p (  X  C |     S | 0   " H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)%$ 0 (  X  C |     S @| 0   ;Created by member expectation, (some entitled under TUPE) Industrial action, political pressure, threat of litigation Voluntary agreement Stick & carrot DH funding from 1st Oct 06 Contractor funding from Oct 05 NHSE funding from April 06 If implement on short list for contract renewal If not out of health market*<  < H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)%$ 0  (  X  C |     S  | 0   " H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.)%$B  0 R(  X  C |     S  | 0   TEarly privatisation  staff redundant  huge turnover of new staff Contractors would bus in asian men and women on lowest pay  min wage or less Pensions  GAD but& . Part time workers not in scheme 55K cases lodged in 1995 Buy out or delay No sick pay first three days or none at all  hoigher sickness . Those at work under greater stress Union derecognition battles to keep membership No Dev Review  little as there was High turnover  domestic on ward, linen room asst, porter Z\    5   z H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.--@t#N  0 ^(  X  C |     S  | 0   `Some due to advances in technology but& & Contractors put in tight margins and ran on high vacancy rates or downsizing Poor contract monitoring  H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10..- j  0 "(  X  C |     S @# | 0   $Govt had to respond with :League tables and spot checks Demonstrated the importance of domestic/housekeping work PM said mrsa fault of cleaners Modern Matrons/cash/ ROE @a     . H  0޽h ? 3380___PPT10..-qrch^kGpsm'x`48IuHfX؄̊(BZr^z=}_? Ϯ#BOh+'0T hp   $ WORKING TITLE  Mike JacksonG TPixelac webmanagern8bmMicrosoft PowerPoint @C!!@pͫ%@ݧNGSg  )'    """)))UUUMMMBBB999|PP3f333f3333f3ffffff3f̙3ff333f333333333f33333333f33f3ff3f3f3f3333f33̙33333f333333f3333f3ffffff3f33ff3f3f3f3fff3ffffffffff3ffff̙fff3fffff3fff333f3f3ff3ff33f̙̙3̙ff̙̙̙3f̙3f333f3333f3ffffff3f̙3f3f3f333f3333f3ffffff3f̙3f3ffffffffff!___www4'A x(xKʦ """)))UUUMMMBBB999|PP3f3333f333ff3fffff3f3f̙f3333f3333333333f3333333f3f33ff3f3f3f3333f3333333f3̙33333f333ff3ffffff3f33f3ff3f3f3ffff3fffffffff3fffffff3f̙ffff3ff333f3ff33fff33f3ff̙3f3f3333f333ff3fffff̙̙3̙f̙̙̙3f̙3f3f3333f333ff3fffff3f3f̙3ffffffffff!___wwwݼݼݼݼýݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݽݼݼݼ¼ݽݼݼݽݼݼݼݽüݼݽݼݼݼݼ޼ݼݼݼݼ⽼ݼݼݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݽݼݼݼݼݽ¼ݼݼݼݼ޼½ݼݼ޼ݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼݼ¼ݽ¼ݽݼݼݼݽݼݼݽ½ݼݼݼݼݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼݽ޼ݼݼݼݼ⽼ݼ⼼ݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼ޽ݼݼ޼ݼ½ݽ޼ݼݼݼ޼ݼݼ޽ݼݼݼ޼ݽ޽ݼݼݼݼݼ޼ݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼ޽ݼݼݼüü޼ݼݼݼݼݼݽݼݽݼ޼ݼ½ݽݽݼ¼ݼݽݼݼݼü޼ݼݼݼݼ¼¼ݼݽ½ݼݽݼݼݼݼ¼ݼݼݼݼݼ½ݼݼݼ޼ݽݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݽݼݼݼݼݼ޼޼ݽݼݼݼݼݼݼ޽ݼݼݼݼݽ޼޽ݼݼݼݽݼݽݼ½ݽݼݼݼ_____________________________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݵ______________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼ_______________________________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݵ_______________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼ______________________________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݵ___________________________________________________________________________ݼݽݼݼ____________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼ___________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼ_____________________________________________________ݼݼݼݵ_____________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݵ___________________________________________ݼݼݽݼݼݼݵ_____________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݵ________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݼݼ________________________________________________________________________ݼݽݼݼݼ_______________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݵ_____________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݽݼݼݵ____________________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݼݼ___________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݼݼ_____________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݵ____________________________________________________ݼݼݼ޼ݼݼݼ________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݵ___________________________________________________________ݼüݼݼݼݼݵ______________________________________________________ݽݼݼݼݼݼݵ___________________________________________________ݼݼݽݼݼݼ____________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼ__________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݼݵ___________________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼ_______________________________________________________________________ݽݼݼݼݼݼ________________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݼ_________________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼ޼ݼݼݼݵ________________________________________________________________ݽ⼽ݼݼݼݼݼݵ_________________________________________________ݼݽݼݼݼݼ________________________________________________ݼݽݼ¼޼ݼݼݼݵ___________________________________________ݼݼݼ⽼ݼݼݼݵ______________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼ____________________________ݼݼݼݼݼ޼ݼݼݼݼݼ_____________________________________________________________ݼݼݼ޼ݼ޼޼ݼݼݼݵ______________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼ޼½ݼݼݼݼ____________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼݼ¼ݼݼݼݼ_____________________________________________________________________ݼݽݼݼݼ޼ݼݼݼݼݵ____________________________________________________ݼݼݽݼݼ޼ݼݼݼ____________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼ޼ݽݼݼݼݵ___________________________________________________________________ݼݼݼݼݼ¼޽ݼݼݼݼ____________________________________________________ݽݼ޼ݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼݼý޼ݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݼݽ޼ݼݼݼݼݼݼݼ¼ݽ⼼ݼݼݼݼݼݽݼݼݼݽüݼݼݼݽݼݼݼݼ޼⼼ݼݼ¼ݼݼݼݼ⽼ݼݼݼݼݼϵݼݼݽݼݼݼݼ_ݮ`___ݼݼݼݼݼݽݼ⼼ݼݼݼ``Å`fύ_ύ_ݼݼݼݼݼݼϯ___``ݼݼݼݽݼݼf_<___ύݼݼݼݼݼݼݽ____ݼݼݼݼݽ¼`_º__݆ݼݼݼݼ޼½_``______`ݼݼ޼ݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼ¼ݼݽݼݼݼݼpἺݼݼݼ¼ݽ¼ݽ‘ݼݼݼݽݼݼݽ½p⼖qqݼݼݼݼݼݽݼklݼݼݼݼݼݽ޼pݼݼݼݼ⽼ݼ⼼ݼݽݼݼݼݼݼݼ޽ݼݼ޼ݼ½ݽ޼ݼݼݼ޼ݼݼ޽ݼݼݼ޼ݽ޽ݼݼݼݼݼ޼ݼݼݼݼݼ՜.+,D՜.+,|    On-screen ShowHOMEree   A ArialTimes New Roman Wingdings Arial BlackPixelH Issues facing ancillary workers in healthcare in the United Kingdom Background UNISONMy backgroundAncillary Workers in the NHSBattle for Equal PayAgenda for Change (AfC)Current AfC Ancillary Pay NHS%Ancillary Staff Pay Private Sector Privatisation of Ancillary WorkImpact on Ancillary WorkersImpact on Service DeliveryCleaner Hospitals Campaign Issues facing Ancillary Workers  Fonts UsedDesign Template Slide Titles  8@ _PID_HLINKSAlhttp://www.unison.org.uk/"__  webmanagerwebmanager  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghjklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~Root EntrydO)PicturesCurrent UserSummaryInformation(UPowerPoint Document(iDocumentSummaryInformation8